What advancements have been made in the design of MBBR media?

There have been significant advancements in the design of MBBR media, particularly in materials and manufacturing techniques. New materials have been developed that improve the durability and efficiency of the media. For instance, some modern designs feature increased surface areas for biofilm growth without increasing the physical size of the media, thanks to more intricate geometries. Advances in material science have led to media that are more resistant to harsh chemical environments and enhance microbial adhesion, improving the overall treatment process. Additionally, newer media designs allow for better movement within the reactor, ensuring more effective interaction with wastewater and boosting treatment efficiency.